Metallic window structure



Dec. 26, 1933. A. 1.. DOERING METALLIC WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Oct. 6,1931 4 Sheets-Sheet l a m a g Z m x w N W Y a H m m m T 8 wumummww wm 5M u W 9 HHHHJ -i r W Z 4 11 w m ma :Q H a w 5 "n L J 3 A 9 5 w WA W a; m1 W. M. m M 5 w my 5 1 m m G H Ii b H n v fill, ll. |||l|l||||l||H| 'H'HHHH IHHI H H El l% 5) H Z 5 FIY w I? v Q y mm 1 n f 9 F w 1 M w.

' Dec. 26, 1933. A. L. DOERING 1,941,432

METALLIC WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Oct. 6, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 WFHFM 41g6 I Q l/VVE/VTO/B: AMER? lmosnrflasnuva,

Dec. 26, 1933. A DOERiNG 1,941,432

METALLIC WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Oct. 6, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 6& 4 FIG1/.

l v I I M E 72% I I i 75 77 1 i 14 I i '48 I i i i i I F I W L ALBERTL/lvbsA Y OOERING,

Dec. 26, 1933. A. 1 DOERING METALLIC WINDOW STRUCTURE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4//VV7V7'0/3: ALBEer Luvosa YOQEBl/VG,

Filed Oct. 6, 1931 Patented Dec. 26, 1933 -METALLIC WINDOW STRUCTUREAlbert Lindsay Doering, Germantown, Pa., as-

signor to J. S. Thorn Company, Philadelphia, Pa.,' a corporation ofPennsylvania Application October 6, 1931. Serial No. 567,155

20 Claims.

My invention relates to casement windows provided with continuousWeatherstripping and in-,

sect screens at the inner side thereof. As ordinarily constructed,casement window sashes are provided with means to open, close, andfasten them in adjusted position which require some' portion of thebuilding, such as a sill, stool, or sidewall or jamb of the windowopening, to support them. Ordinarily, the screens for suchvwindows areof two types, either inwardly arched over the means for swingingthe'sash or having an opening through the screen for such sash operatingmeans. Such ordinary structures are objectionable, first, because it isimpossible to assemble them completely at the factory and necessary toemploy skilled labor 'to fit them and attach the parts aforesaid thereofto the building sills or walls. Second, the cost of construction ofscreens which are arched or providedwith openings through them formanipulation of the sash operating means is far in excess of ordinaryplane screens, such as may be utilized with sliding sash windows. Third,if the sash operating means is within the sight of the window frame,(and in some ordinary structures such means are mounted inthe middle ofsuch window space and require a frame bar to support them); the view Iand ventilation through the window space are obstructed.

Therefore, objects and effects of my invention are to provide a casementwindow structure including an insect screen, of either flat or rolltype, which is imperforate except for the reticulations thereof, anddetachably mounted upon the inner face of said structure; wherein thesash operating and locking means are outside of the perimeter of thescreen, the casement sash is completely operable by rotation of a singlehandle, which does not project into the room, and is permanentlyconnected with the window structure so that it cannot be lost ormislaid, and the sash locking means isoperated to lock the sash as aconsequence of rotation of said handle, which moves a locking cam. Sucha window structure may be completely assembled at the factory, ininstant readiness to be inserted in a window opening in a building; allparts of such structure being supported by the outer frame thereof,independently of any portion of the building.-

. My invention'includes the various novel features of construction andarrangement. hereinafter more definitely specified.

In said drawings; Fig. I is an inner face view of a complete windowstructure embodying my invention. Fig. II is a plan sectional view ofsaid structure, taken on the line II, II in Fig. I, but on a largerscale. Fig. III is a fragmentary sectional view, taken on the line IIIin Fig. I, showing the sash operating means in elevation. Fig. 30 IV isa fragmentary plan view of the essential elements of the sash operatingmeans indicated in Fig. II, but on a larger scale, being full size.

Fig. V is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a modified form of myinvention including weathering means extending entirely around thecasement sash and a molding seat for a removable plane screen, extendingacross the bottom and up both sides of the screen. Fig. VI is afragmentary vertical sectional view, similar to Fig. V, but showing amodified form of my invention adapted for cooperation with a screenmounted upon a roller at the top thereof. Fig. VII is a fragmentary plansectional view, taken on the line VII, VII in Fig. VI. Fig. VIII isafragmentary plan'sectional view, taken on the line VIII, VIII inFig. I,but on a larger scale, and showing the automatic locking mechanism. Fig.IX is an elevation of the locking structure shown in Fig. VIII, as seenfrom the 30 lower side of the latter. Fig. X is a fragmentary plansectional view of the locking lever, taken on the line X, X in Fig. IX.Fig. XI is a front elevation of the locking lever housing shown in Fig.IX. Fig. XII is a plan view of the locking cam 5 shown in Fig. IX. Fig.XIII is an elevation of said locking cam as seen from the lower side ofFig. XII. I

In said figures; the stationary window frame 1 has oppositelycounterpart hinge brackets 2 and 3 respectively rigidly connected withthe top -rail 4 and bottom rail 5 of said frame 1 and projectingoutwardly from the latter, as shown in Fig. 11. Said stationary hingebrackets 2 and 3 are connected by pintles 7 and 8 with respective hingebrackets 9 and 10 which are respectively rigidly connected with the topand bottom rails 12 and 13 of the sash 14 and project outwardlytherefrom, as shown in Fig. II. Said sash 14 is thus hingedly supportedby the frame 1 so that when in the open position shown in dotted linesin Fig. II the plane of the sash is offset toward the middle of theframe far enough to afford access from the interior of the building toclean the outer surface of the glass 15 in said sash.

Said frame 1 is entirely formed of bars of wrought metal rolled to thesubstantially L- shaped cross section shown in Figs. 11 and V, such barsbeing mitered and joined at the comers of the frame 1 by welding theends thereof together on the line 17 in Fig. I.

The hinged sash frame 14 is similarly formed of wrought metal bars ofL-shaped cross section, as indicated in Figs. II and V. As shown inFigs. II and V, when the sash frame 14 is in closed position withrespect to the window frame 1, the flanges of both frames are inoverlapped weathering contact relation at two lines extending entirelyaround said sash frame, and with the tubular recess 18 thus sealedbetween them, and containing the sash operating gearing.

Said hinged sash 14 may be opened more or less with respect to thestationary frame 1 and held in adjusted position by meansof the lever 20which is indicated in Fig. 11 in both extreme positions of its range ofmovement, respectively with the sash 14 shown in full lines tightly shutin the frame 1 and with the sash shown in dotted lines extending in aplane at right angles to the frame 1.

Said lever is fulcrumed on the pivot pin 21 in the bearing 22 whichlatter is rigidly held on said frame 1, conveniently by the three screws23.

Said lever 20 is pivotally connected at its opposite end upon the rivet25 carried by the slide block 26 which is mounted to reciprocate in theundercut channel formed by the guide plate 27 which is rigidly connectedwith the lower rail 13 of said sash 14, conveniently by the screws 28indicated in Fig. II.

Said lever 20 has, rigidly connected therewith, conveniently by welding,in concentric relation with its fulcrum pin 21, the worm gear 30engaging the worm 31, as shown in Fig. IV, and within said recess 18.

Said worm 31 is conveniently journaled at its inner end 32 in a socket33 in said bearing 22' and journaled at its outer end in the bushing 35,which is conveniently a plug screwed into said bearing 22 and abuttingagainst the shoulder 36 on said worm. Said worm is conveniently squaredat its outer end 38, as shown in Fig. IV, and fitted in a similarlyshaped socket in the hub 39 of the crank 40 which is provided with therotary handle 41. Said crank 40 is normally rigidly connected with saidworm 31 by the screw 42 which extends through said hub 39 in threadedengagement with the socket 43 in the squared portion 38 of said worm.

The axis of said worm 31, which is indicated by dash lines 45 in Figs.III and IV, is inclined upwardly and outwardly from the lower right handcorner of said frame 1, obliquely both with respect to the verticalplane of the window and the horizontal plane of the stool or sill 46.The purpose of such double inclination of the axis 45 of said worm, isto permit rotation of said crank 40 within the opening in the buildingwall in which said frame 1 is set and above said horizontal plane 46.

Such construction and arrangement permits the window structure abovedescribed to be completely assembled at the factory, ready to be set inthe window opening in the building without any connection of any part ofthe sash actuating mechanism with the wall, sill, or stool.

As shown in Figs. I, II, and III, the foraminous insect screen 48 isstretched in plane position in the rigid rectangular frame 49, the lowerrail 50 of which fits in the seat 51 in said bearing 22 which is rigidlyconnected with the frame 1, as above described.

As shown in Fig. I; said screen frame 49 extends within the anglebracket 53 which is rigidly connected with said frame 1, conveniently bythe screws 54, and the right hand edge of said frame 49 fits against theangle bracket 55 which is also rigidly connected with said frame 1,conveniently by the screws 56. The spring clip 58 which overhangs andholds the upper edge of said screen frame 49 is likewise rigidlyconnected with said frame 1 by the screws 59 so that said screen 48 isrigidly held in close relation with the inner face of said frame 1 butmay be readily detached therefrom by merely upwardly bending said clip58 to release the top edge of said screen frame 49 so that the lattermay be tilted slightly forward at the top and lifted from its normalengagement with said seat 51 and brackets 53 and 55.

As indicated in Fig. III, the rails of said frame 49 are convenientlyformed of thin sheet metal folded to form a recess 60 which isrectangular in cross section and adapted to receive the rectangular barsof the screen retaining frame 61 by which the foraminous screen fabric48 is stretched and held in said screen frame 49. However, it is to beunderstood that said screen frame may be otherwise constructed andarranged.

For instance, in Fig. V, I provide the stationary window frame 1 withthe molding 63, which is U-shaped, extending across the bottom rail '5of the frame 1 and upwardly at the opposite sides of said frame to forma seat 64 for the screen frame 49. Said molding is conveniently formedof three similar strips of sheet metal, folded as indicated in the lowerportion of Fig. V, and mitered at the opposite ends of the lower stripto the upright strips 65 like the frame 1. Said upright strips 65 areconveniently welded at their upper ends to the top molding 66 to form arectangular frame. Said molding 66 is shaped differently from saidmolding 63, as shown in the upper portion of Fig. V. Said molding 63 isconveniently rigidly connected with the frame 1 by screws 68 whichextend through said frame 1 in engagement with the flange 69 on saidmolding 63. Said molding 66 is similarly rigidly connected with saidframe 1 by screws 70 engaging the flange 71 on said molding 66, and saidflanges 69 and 71 serve to hold in proper operative relation theweathering strips 72 which extend all the way around the sight openingin said frame 1 and are conveniently formed of thin spring metal,preferably bronze, so as to contact with the inner flange 73 on thehinged sash 14, to make a weatherproof joint with the latter when saidsash is shut to the position shown in Fig. V; it being understood thatwhen said sash is open, said weathering strips 72 project further to theleft than they are shown in Fig; V.

Said screen frame 49, shown in Fig. V; is resiliently engaged at itsupper edge by the spring clip 75 which is like said spring clip 58 butrigidly connected with said molding 66 by the screws 76. It may beobserved that in the form of the invention shown in Fig. V, theforaminous screen web 48 is continually stretched in plane position bythe retainingframe 77 which differs from the retaining frame 61, shownin Fig. III, in that it is of U-shaped cross section and. therefore lesscostly to manufacture.

However, as shown in Figs. VI and VII, a window structure such as abovedescribed and provided with moldings 63, 65, and 66, as in Fig. V, maybe utilized to support in cooperative relation therewith, an insectscreen of the roller type. The foraminous screen fabric 79 which may beraised and lowered, is fastened at its upper end to and carried by theroller 80 upon whichv it may be rolled like a window shade. However, itmay be withdrawn to plane position, as indicated in Fig. VI, by means ofthe angle bar 81 secured at the lower edge of the forammous fabric 79and having opposite end flanges 82, one of which is shown in Fig. VII,adapted to slide between said molding member and guide bars 83, asindicated in Fig. VII. Said guide bars 83 are conveniently formed ofthin resilient sheet metal, such as bronze, folded to the configurationshown in Fig. VII, and sprung over tho molding 65. As shown in Fig. VII,said angle bar 81 may have at its opposite ends plates of resilientsheet metal 84 for sliding contact with said guide bars 83.

Although said swinging sash 14 may be held shut by the operatingmechanism above described, the latter is so close to the hinge that thesash may be used as a lever in a felonious attempt to open it.Therefore, it is desirable to provide it with locking means at its lefthand edge, shown in Fig. I remote from said operating mechanism, to holdit shut independently of the latter. However, ordinary locking means forsuch sash must be manually set in locked position and, consequently, thequestion of whether the sash is locked or not when closed is dependentupon the attention of the operator. Therefore, I prefer to provide sashlocking means which are automatically operative as a consequence of therotation of said crank 40 so that whenever the sash 14 is shut, it iscertainly locked thereby, without the attention of the operator. Suchpreferred locking mechanism is shown in detail in Figs. VIII to XIIIinclusive and includes the oscillatory la ch lever 86 which is fulcrumedon the stud 87 in the housing 88. Said housing is rigidly connected withsaid stationary frame 1, conveniently by the four screws 89 shown inFig. IX. Said latch lever has the slot 90 for engagement with the stopstud 91 which limits its oscillatory movement. Said lever has, inunitary relation therewith, the crank arm 93 provided with thecylindrical crank projection 94 which, when the sash is locked, engagesthe cam ledge 95 in the cam recess 98 in the cam lock, keeper, plate 97,as shown in Fig. IX. Said cam plate 97 is rigidly connected with the.left hand edge of said swinging sash 14, con veniently by the twoscrews 98, as shown in Figs. VIII and IX. As shown in Fig. XIII; saidcam plate 9'7 has the cam projection 99 which extends above the level atwhich said crank projection 94 is normally presented by gravitation ofsaid lever 86 and serves to tilt said lever and guide said projection 94into said recess 96 when said sash 14 is swung shut by rotation of saidcrank 40. Consequently, the effect of such rotation is to automaticallyengage said cam plate with said crank projection 94 in the lockedposition shown in Fig. IX, without any manipulation of said lever 86 andmerely as a consequence of closing the sash 14.

I do not desire to limit myself to the precise details of constructionand arrangement herein set forth, as it is obvious that variousmodifications may be made therein without departing from the essentialfeatures of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wall opening;including the combination with an outer frame for positioning in saidopening; of an outswinging sash on the frame; a plane foraminous insectscreen having a frame closely applicable'to said outer frame at theinner face of the latter and forming a closure for the entire openingthrough said outer frame; devices on said outer frame for detachablyholding said screen in cooperative relation with said outer frame; sashoperating means supported solely by said outer frame, at the inner facethereof, and wholly within said wall opening, including a crank andhandle integrally connected with said outer frame, outside of saidscreen frame; whereby, said crank and handle are rotatable wholly withinsaid wall opening to swing said sash to any position within its range.of

movement, without opening the screen, and said sash may be securely heldin such adjusted position; and movable means on said outer frame,outside of said screen frame, for temporarily holding the free edge ofsaid sash against movement by said operating means.

2. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wall opening;including the combination with an outer frame for positioning in saidopening; of an outswinging sash on that frame; a foraminous insectscreen having a frame closely applicable to said outer frame at theinner face of the latter for forming a, plane closure for the entireopening through said outer frame; devices on said outer frame.fordetachably holding said screen in cooperative relation with said outerframe; sash operating means supported solely by said outer frame, atthe' in'ner face thereof and wholly within said wall opening, includinga crank and handle integrally connected with said outer frame, outsideof said screen frame; whereby, said crank and handle are rotatablewholly within said wall opening, to swing said sash to any positionwithin its range of movement, without opening the screen, and besecurely held in such adjusted position.

3. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wall opening;including the combination with an outer frame for positioning in saidopening; of an outswinging sash on that frame; a foraminous insectscreen closely applicable to said outer frame at the inner face of thelatter for forming a plane closure for the entire opening through saidouter frame; devices on said outer frame for detachably holding saidscreen in cooperative relation with said outer frame; sash operatingmeans supported solely by said outer frame, at the inner face thereofand operable wholly within said wall opening, including a crank andhandle integrally connected with said outer frame, outside of saidscreen frame; whereby, said crank and handle are rotatable wholly withinsaid wall opening, to swing said sash'to any position within its rangeof movement, without opening the screen, and be securely held in suchadjusted position.

4. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wall opening;including the combination with an outer frame for positioning in saidopening; of an outswinging sash on that frame, a foraminous insectscreen closely applicable to said outer frame at theinner face of thelatter for forming a closure for the entire opening through said outerframe; devices on said outer frame for detachably holding said screen incooperative relation with said outer frame; sash operating meanssupported solely by said outer frame, at the inner face thereof andoperable wholly within said wall opening, integrally connected with saidouter frame, outside of said screen frame; whereby, said sash may beswung to any position within its range of movement, by movement of saidoperating means wholly within said opening without opening the screen,and be securely held in such adjusted position.

5. A casement window Structure as in claim 4, wherein the sash operatingmeans forms a recessed seat extending over the lower edge of saidscreen, for holding the latter in close relation to said outer frame.

6. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wall opening;including the combination with an outer frame for positioning in saidopening; of an outswinging sash on the frame; a foraminous insect screenclosely applicable to said outer frame at the inner face of the latterfor forming a removable plane closure for the entire opening throughsaid outer frame; devices on said outer frame for detachably securingsaid screen in cooperative relation therewith; and sash operating meanssupported solely by said outer frame, at the inner face thereof andoperable wholly within said wall opening, and including a crank andhandle integrally connected with said outer frame outside of said screenframe; whereby, said sash may be swung to any position within its rangeof movement, by movement of said operating means wholly within saidopening, without opening said screen, and be securely held in anyposition of adjustment.

'l. A window structure as in claim 6, wherein the sash operating meansforms a recessed seat extending over the lower edge of said screenframe, for holding the latter in close relation to said outer frame.

8. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wall opening;including the combination with an outer frame for positioning in saidopening; of an outswinging sash on that frame; sash operating meanssupported solely by said outer frame, at the inner face thereof, andoperable wholly within said wall opening, including a crank and handleintegrally connected with said outer frame, the axis of rotation of saidcrank being oblique to both vertical and horizontal planes; and gearingconnected with said crank; whereby, said sash may be swung to anyposition within its range of movement, by movement of said operatingmeans wholly within said opening, and be securely held in such adjustedposition.

9. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wall opening;including the combination with an outer frame for positioning in saidopening; of an outswinging sash on that frame; sash operating meanssupported solely by said outer frame, at the inner face thereof, andoperable wholly within said wall opening, including a crank and handleintegrally connected with said outer frame; the axis of rotation of saidcrank being oblique to both vertical and horizontal planes; and wormgearing connected with said crank; whereby, said sash may be swung toany position within its range of movement, by movement of said operatingmeans wholly within said opening, and be securely held in such adjustedposition. d

10. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wallopening; including the combination with an outer frame for positioningin said opening; of an outswinging sash on that frame; sash operatingmeans supported solely by said outer frame, at one hinged corner of theinner face thereof, and operable wholly within said wall opening,including a crank and handle integrally connected with said outer frame;the axis of rotation of said crank being oblique to both vertical andhorizontal planes; and gearing connected with said crank; whereby, saidsash may be swung to any position within its range of movement, bymovement of said operating means wholly within said opening, and besecurely held in such adjusted position.

11. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wallopening; including the combination with an outer frame for positioningin said opening; of an outswinging sash on that frame;

a foraminous insect screen having a frame closely applicable to saidouter frame at the inner face of the latter for forming a plane closurefor the entire opening through said outer frame; devices on said outerframe for detachably holding said screen in cooperative relation withsaid outer frame; sash operating means supported solely by said outerframe, at the inner face thereof and wholly within said wall opening,including a crank and handle integrally connected with said outer frame,outside of said screen frame; whereby; said sash may be swung to anyposition within its range of movement, without opening the screen, andbe securely held in such adjusted position; including a molding forminga seat for said screen frame; and a flexible weathering strip heldbetween said outer frame and said molding, for sealing the joint betweensaid outer frame and said sash, when the latter is shut.

12. A casement window structure as in claim 8, including a flexibleweathering strip for sealing the joint between said outer frame and saidsash, adapted to be flexed by closing movement of said crank to seal thejoint between said outer frame and sash.

13. A casement window structure as in claim 6, wherein the sashoperating means forms a recessed seat extending over one edge of saidscreen frame as a fulcrum for the movement of said screen frame to andfrom cooperative relation with said outer frame; and said outer framehas movable means for engaging the edge of said screen frame opposite tosuch fulcrum.

14. A casement window structure as in claim 8, including a bearing forsaid crank fixed on said outer frame and forming a recessed fulcrum seatextending over one edge of a plane screen frame; a plane screen framemovable to and from the recess in said seat; and means on said outerframe in coordinate, relation with said seat, for removably holding saidscreen frame in close relation to said outer frame.

15. A casement window structure comprising an outer frame and a sashhingedly connected with said frame; said frame and sash being formed ofmetal bars L-shaped in cross section and affording two continuous linesof weathering contact around the frame opening; an additional metalframe attached to the room side of said casement frame; a continuousflexible metal Weatherstripping held by said additional frame andforming a third continuous line of weathering contact around the frameopening; and an insect screen detachably fitted to and having securingmeans held by said additional frame.

16. A casement window structure including an outer frame formed ofmetallic channel bars; a

sash formed of metallic channel bars and hingedly connected with saidframe; and sash operating means including a self-locking worm and gearpositioned between the channel bars of said frame and the channel barsof said sash; said worm having a crank handle and the angle ofthewormaxisbeingsuchastopermit rotation of said handle entirely withinthe window opening and clear of the sill, and lamb.

17. A casement window structure including an outer frame formed ofL-shaped metallic channel bars; a sash formed of L-shaped metallicchannel bars; hinges connecting said frame and sash, and in suchrelation as to form a tubular recess between said bars, around saidsash, with two continuous lines of weathering contact upon oppositesides of said recess; and means for opening and closing said sash,including a worm bearing extending outside of said recess and a wormgear extending in said recess, in connection with a rotary worm in saidbearing; whereby the weather is excluded from said gearing when the sashis closed.

18. A casement window structure insertible as a unit into a wallopening; including the combination with an outer frame for positioningin said opening; of an outswinging sash on that frame; sash operatingmeans supported solely by said outer frame, at one corner of the innerface thereof, and operable wholly within said wall opening, including acrank and handle integrally connected with said outer frame; the axis ofrotation of said crank being oblique to the plane of said frame and toeach edge of said frame; and gearing connected with said crank wherebysaid sash maybe swung to any position within its range of movement, bymovement of said operating means wholly within said opening, and besecurely held in such adjusted position. v

19. A casement window structure as in claim 18, including a moldingforming a seat for a screen frame; a screen frame fitted to said seat;and a flexible weathering strip held between said outer, frame and saidmolding, for sealing the joint between said outer frame and said sash,when the latter is shut.

20. A casement window structure as in claim 18; including a bearing forsaid crank, having a recessed seat for a screen frame; a screen framehaving one edge detachably fitted in said bearing seat; and securingmeans on said outer frame. remote from said bearing, for detachablyholding said screen in closed position on said outer frame. 1

ALBERT LINDSAY DOERING.

